Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications

AI helps the environment, healthcare, automation and education, using computer vision, natural language processing and data science.

Key ideas

Environment: AI sorts waste, spots changes in forests and forecasts pollution.
Healthcare: AI screens scans and flags patients who need care, with doctors checking.
Automation with AI: signals, washing machines and lights that adjust to what they sense.
Education: AI marks quizzes, gives instant feedback and suggests practice on hard topics.
Computer vision works with images, natural language processing with text and speech, data science with records and numbers.
Sensor rules often need two conditions at once, such as dry soil AND no rain forecast.

Remember

Overall accuracy	total correct ÷ total tested × 100% (not the average of the percentages)
Example	plastic 18/20, paper 12/15, organic 10/15 → 40 ÷ 50 = 80%
“At least 60% full”	60% itself counts
Trips needed	bins to collect ÷ bins per trip, rounded up
Green time in proportion	cycle × vehicles on the road ÷ all vehicles

Watch out

Averaging the three percentages when the groups have different sizes.
Leaving out a bin that is exactly at the limit.
Rounding the number of trips down: a part-load still needs a trip.

Worked example

Smart bins report how full they are: 100%, 100%, 60%, 35%, 50%, 55%, 20%, 30%, 90%, 70%. The truck collects only bins at least 60% full and can empty 3 bins per trip. (a) How many bins are collected? (b) How many trips are needed? (c) How many bins are skipped today?

Working: bins at or above 60%: 100%, 100%, 60%, 90%, 70%; 5 ÷ 3, rounded up

Answer: (a) 5; (b) 2; (c) 5