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Class 6 Oceans and Continents: cheat sheet
CBSE Social Science. The seven continents and five oceans: their names, sizes and main features, and how land and water share the Earth’s surface.
Key ideas
- About 71 per cent of the Earth’s surface is water and about 29 per cent is land, which is why it is called the blue planet.
- A continent is a very large, continuous mass of land; there are seven of them.
- Asia is the largest continent and has the most people; Australia, surrounded by water, is the smallest and is called an island continent.
- Africa is crossed by the Equator and both Tropics, and has the Sahara and the river Nile.
- Antarctica, around the South Pole, is covered by thick ice and has no permanent population, only scientists at research stations.
- The Pacific is the largest and deepest ocean; the Arctic, around the North Pole, is the smallest.
- Oceans give us food, routes for ships and rain, and keep temperatures milder, so they must be kept free of plastic and oil.
Remember
| Continents, largest first | Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Australia |
| Five oceans | Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic |
| Water and land | about 71% water, 29% land |
| Deepest point | the Mariana Trench, in the Pacific Ocean |
| Ocean named after a country | the Indian Ocean (the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal are parts of it) |
| India in Antarctica | research stations Maitri and Bharati |
| Isthmus of Panama | the narrow strip joining North and South America |
Watch out
- Calling the Atlantic the largest ocean: the Pacific is largest, the Atlantic second.
- Forgetting the Southern Ocean, which surrounds Antarctica, when naming the five oceans.
- Thinking Antarctica has towns and a population: only scientists stay there for a time.
Worked example
A globe’s surface is divided into 900 equal squares. About 29 out of every 100 are land. About how many squares are land, and how many are water?
Working: 900 ÷ 100 × 29; the rest are water
Answer: land: 261; water: 639
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