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Class 7 Geographical Diversity of India: cheat sheet
CBSE Social Science. India’s five broad regions (the Himalayas, the Ganga–Indus plains, the Thar Desert, the peninsula and the islands) and how people live in each.
Key ideas
- India is called a subcontinent: a large, distinct region with its neighbours, but still part of Asia.
- The Himalayas have three ranges, Himadri, Himachal and Shivalik, and their snowmelt feeds great rivers, so they are the Water Tower of Asia.
- Ladakh is a cold desert: very cold and with very little rain.
- In the Thar Desert people collect and store rainwater in taankas and kunds.
- The Western Ghats are taller and unbroken along the west coast; the Eastern Ghats are lower and broken.
- Most peninsular rivers flow east and form deltas; the Narmada and Tapti flow west and form estuaries.
- The islands include the coral islands of Lakshadweep and Barren Island, home to India’s only active volcano.
- People adapt: kath-kuni houses of stone and wood in the western Himalayas stay warm and stand mild earthquakes.
Remember
| Himalaya | “abode of snow” |
| Himalayan ranges | Himadri (highest), Himachal, Shivalik (outermost) |
| Indian Subcontinent | India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar |
| Highest peak of the Aravallis | Mount Abu |
| Sundarbans | in the Ganga–Brahmaputra delta |
| Source of the Bhagirathi | Gaumukh, at the Gangotri Glacier |
| Water in a tank | length × width × depth (1 cubic metre = 1,000 litres) |
Watch out
- Mixing up the Himalayan ranges: Himadri is the highest, Shivalik the lowest and outermost.
- Saying the Narmada forms a delta: it flows west and forms an estuary.
- Thinking every desert is hot: Ladakh is a cold desert.
Worked example
A taanka is 3 m long, 3 m wide and 2 m deep. 1 cubic metre holds 1,000 litres. How much water can it hold?
Working: 3 × 3 × 2 = 18 cubic metres
Answer: 18,000 litres
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