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Class 7 Land, Rivers and Nature: cheat sheet
CBSE Social Science. Rivers and where they meet, mountains and glaciers, forests that communities protect, and how people and laws care for nature.
Key ideas
- People have always settled near rivers for drinking water, farming, fertile soil, fish and travel.
- Rivers like the Ganga, Yamuna, Narmada and Kaveri are called lifelines.
- A confluence (sangam) is a place where rivers meet: at Devprayag the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda join to form the Ganga.
- Community forests are protected by local people; they shelter plants and animals and help conserve water.
- The Dongria Khond protect the Niyamgiri hills and the Todas care for the Nilgiris around them.
- Laws protect nature too: Sikkim protected its mountains, caves, lakes and hot springs, and a New Zealand law treats Mount Taranaki like a person.
- Sewage, factory waste and rubbish pollute rivers; using resources sustainably leaves enough for the future.
Remember
| Confluence | a place where two or more rivers meet |
| Devprayag | Bhagirathi + Alaknanda → Ganga |
| Community forest | a forest local people protect and do not cut |
| Mawphlang forest | Meghalaya |
| Niyamgiri hills | Odisha (Dongria Khond) |
| Biodiversity | the variety of plants and animals in a place |
| Sustainability | using resources so future generations also have enough |
Watch out
- Getting the Devprayag rivers wrong: the Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda join there.
- Mixing up biodiversity (variety of life) and sustainability (lasting use of resources).
- Multiplying the wrong numbers for a journey: distance = days × distance a day.
Worked example
A long walk along a river lasts 21 days. (a) At 19 km a day, how long is the route? (b) How far have the walkers gone after the first 5 days? (c) How can long journeys help people learn about other regions?
Working: 21 × 19; 5 × 19
Answer: (a) 399 km (b) 95 km (c) Walkers meet people of many places, try their food and hear their languages and customs.
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