Class 11 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure worksheet

Sample questions

Real questions from this chapter, as the app sets them. Tap Answer to see the answer and working.

Section A · multiple choice

1. 1.

   The octet rule says atoms combine so that each has:

   1. eight neutrons
   2. eight bonds
   3. eight protons
   4. eight electrons in its outer shell

   Answer

   (d) eight electrons in its outer shell

   Kössel and Lewis

2. 2.

   According to VSEPR theory, the shape of PH₃ is:

   1. trigonal pyramidal
   2. square planar
   3. square pyramidal
   4. see-saw

   Answer

   (a) trigonal pyramidal

   3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair on the central atom

3. 3.

   The hybridisation of the central atom in PH₃ is:

   1. sp³d
   2. sp³d²
   3. sp
   4. sp³

   Answer

   (d) sp³

   4 electron pairs around it

Section B · short answer

1. 4.

   Define bond order. How is it related to bond length and bond stability?

   Answer

   Bond order = ½ (bonding electrons − antibonding electrons). The higher the bond order, the shorter and stronger (more stable) the bond. A bond order of zero means the molecule does not exist.

2. 5.

   Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of CH₄. State the numbers of bond pairs and lone pairs on the central atom.

   Answer

   4 bond pairs, 0 lone pairs; tetrahedral

   4 electron pairs: sp³

Section C · long answer

1. 6.

   Explain sp, sp² and sp³ hybridisation with one example each, giving the shape and bond angle.

   Answer

   sp: one s + one p orbital give two hybrids at 180°: BeCl₂ is linear. sp²: one s + two p give three hybrids at 120°: BF₃ is trigonal planar. sp³: one s + three p give four hybrids at 109.5°: CH₄ is tetrahedral.

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